Lisbon, the stunning capital of Portugal, is known for its colorful streets, breathtaking views, and rich cultural history. While much of its past is tied to maritime exploration and the Age of Discovery, the city also has deep Islamic roots, dating back to the period of Muslim rule from the 8th to the 12th century. Like many Portuguese cities, including Porto, Lisbon still carries traces of Moorish influence in its architecture and urban design. This walking tour takes you through some of the most significant Islamic heritage sites in Lisbon, offering a glimpse into the lasting impact of this fascinating era.
Walking Tour of Lisbon’s Islamic Heritage
Please Note: Not all of these locations are walkable from one to the next for all people. Some with limited mobility might find it easier to take public transportation.
Stop 1: São Jorge Castle (Castelo de São Jorge)
Begin your journey at the iconic São Jorge Castle, perched on one of Lisbon’s highest hills. Before the Christian reconquest in 1147, the castle was a Moorish stronghold known as the Alcáçova. Wander through its walls, where remnants of Islamic architectural elements remain, and enjoy panoramic views of the city. Be sure to visit the archaeological site within the castle grounds, where excavations have uncovered Moorish artifacts and the foundations of Islamic-era homes.
Stop 2: Alfama District
Descend into the Alfama district, one of Lisbon’s oldest neighborhoods. Its labyrinthine streets and narrow alleyways are a legacy of the Moors, who designed the area to stay cool during hot summers. As you stroll through the winding paths, take in the Moorish-style azulejos (ceramic tiles) that adorn buildings and fountains, reflecting the artistic influence of Islamic craftsmanship.
Stop 3: Largo das Portas do Sol
A short walk from Alfama, this scenic terrace once marked one of the main entrances to the Moorish city. “Portas do Sol” translates to “Gates of the Sun,” a name reminiscent of its strategic importance during Islamic rule. From here, you can admire the stunning view over the Tagus River, imagining how this vantage point served as a lookout for the city’s Muslim inhabitants.
Stop 4: The National Tile Museum (Museu Nacional do Azulejo)
Take a slight detour to the National Tile Museum, housed in a former convent. Though not exclusively Islamic, the collection showcases Portugal’s famous azulejos, which trace their origins back to the Moors who introduced these intricate geometric designs. The museum highlights the evolution of tile art from its Islamic beginnings to modern Portuguese interpretations.
Stop 5: Mouraria District
Lisbon’s Mouraria neighborhood—literally meaning “Moorish Quarter”—was where the Moors were allowed to settle after the Christian reconquest. Today, it is one of the city’s most multicultural areas, blending influences from its Islamic past with contemporary immigrant communities. Explore the narrow streets, stopping at hidden courtyards and small eateries serving North African-inspired cuisine, a nod to Lisbon’s Moorish history.
Stop 6: Church of São Domingos
This church, originally built in the 13th century, was constructed on the site of a former mosque. Though heavily damaged by earthquakes and fires, the interior still retains an eerie beauty, with its burned and cracked walls telling a story of resilience. The site serves as a reminder of Lisbon’s layered history and the transition from Islamic to Christian rule.
Stop 7: Casa dos Bicos
Located near the waterfront, this unique building with its distinctive diamond-shaped stone façade was built in the early 16th century. While its architecture blends Renaissance and Manueline styles, its foundations sit atop Moorish-era structures. Excavations here have uncovered remnants of Islamic Lisbon, including ceramics and building materials from the Moorish period.
Stop 8: Islamic Community of Lisbon & Central Mosque
End your tour at the Lisbon Central Mosque (Mesquita Central de Lisboa), the largest in Portugal. Though built in the 1980s, the mosque serves as a cultural and spiritual center for Lisbon’s Muslim community. If visiting during open hours, take a moment to appreciate the beautiful Islamic architecture and learn about the continued presence of Islamic culture in modern-day Lisbon.
Stop 9: Palácio dos Marqueses de Fronteira
This 17th-century palace is renowned for its exquisite tilework, much of which draws inspiration from Moorish designs. The intricate geometric patterns and azulejos in the gardens and interiors reflect the lasting influence of Islamic artistic traditions in Portuguese architecture.
Stop 10: Rua da Judiaria
Once home to Lisbon’s Jewish and Muslim communities, this historic street in Alfama preserves the memory of the city’s diverse past. Walking through this area offers a glimpse into the coexistence of different cultures during the Moorish rule and beyond.
Stop 11: The Water Museum (Museu da Água)
This museum, dedicated to Lisbon’s historical water supply, highlights the Moorish influence on the city’s aqueduct system. The Moors were instrumental in developing advanced irrigation and water management techniques, many of which laid the foundation for Lisbon’s infrastructure.
Stop 12: Carmo Convent (Convento do Carmo)
Though now a hauntingly beautiful ruin, this convent’s history is intertwined with Lisbon’s transformation after the Christian reconquest. Its Gothic structure was built over former Moorish structures, offering a striking contrast between different architectural eras.
Interactive Map of Lisbon’s Islamic History
Lisbon’s Islamic heritage is an integral part of its identity, woven into its streets, architecture, and traditions. This walking tour offers just a glimpse into the Moorish past that still echoes through the city today. Whether you’re a history enthusiast or a curious traveler, exploring these sites provides a deeper appreciation of Lisbon’s diverse cultural tapestry.
Ready to explore? Put on your walking shoes and uncover Lisbon’s hidden Moorish gems!